Home Elevator operation specifications

Home elevator is used in the villa in the most up and down transport, so how do we use them safely?Here we talk about the home elevator safety operation procedures:

（1）The home elevator shall be run on trial before the formal use.Check if there is any strange sound or smell,and make sure  ventilation and lighting is good.

（2）Clean the car cabin and car door and door sill chute, ensure the home elevator door opening and closing regularly.

（3）When the elevator door open, before get into the elevator, we must first observe to ensure the elevator car is in the corresponding position of floor.Rush into the elevator car may cause elevator accident fall if the elevator car is not in the level position.

（4）Home elevator is strictly prohibited overload operation, prohibit transporting over large, over long or unknown weight items.

（5）Confirm whether the landing door, car door is in the closed state. In the normal operation of the elevator, landing doors and car doors should be in a closed state. if found the elevator door is not closed while running, that the elevator is having a fault,.Do not get into the elevator,  prevent the occurrence of shear.

（6）Do not use the triangle key to open the landing door,while the elevator is on running.

（7）Emergency alarm device should be started when faults occur in the elevator operation.Elevator managers should immediately cut off the power supply for household use, timely notification to the elevator maintenance unit for processing.

（8）Operation rules for the rescue of the trapped people in the home elevator:Home elevator administrators or rescue workers should get in touch with the trapped, and make the trapped remains calm, waiting for rescue.The trapped person should not extend their body out the car .Accurately determine the car position, to ensure the reliability of the door closed;Open the car door and the landing door with the triangle key , evacuate the passengers;Close the door, fill in the rescue record and file, notify the elevator maintenance unit for processing.

（9）After the elevator door unlocked by triangle key, it is required to check whether the emergency unlocking device is reliable to reset and prevent the lock from locking.

（10）In case of a fire, it is forbidden to use the elevator to escape.Household elevator management personnel should immediately press the "fire switch", make the home elevator switched into fir-mode running . When the home elevator reached the station,it should immediately divert passengers leave the car.After the elevator managers cut off the power supply of the home elevator, use Insulated fire extinguisher to extinguish the fire.

（11）It is prohibited to take the elevator to escape during an earthquake.Should try to make the home lift stop at the nearest station as soon as possible,and evacuate passengers immediately.Then Elevator management should immediately cut off the power supply.After the earthquake stopped, should ask the elevator maintenance personnel to strictly check or repair the elevator before re put it into operation.

 （12）When the water intake in the elevator shaft,home elevator managers should make the elevator stop at the station above the water and immediately cut off the power supply for household elevator;If the water has already wet the car , it should immediately suspended and cut off the power no matter which floor the car stop at.

Details of the elevator car cabin

⑴Classification of car
①Classification by application
Passenger car cabin, freight car cabin, residential elevator car cabin, bed elevator car cabin, car lift cabin, sightseeing elevator car cabin and sundries elevator car cabin
②by way of opening the door.
Automatic door car, manual door car, semi automatic door car.
③According to the door structure form
Middle door car, double folding or seventy percent off side door cage, hinge door car, straight door cage.
④According to the bottom structure
Fixed cage and movable cage of car.

⑵The composition and general provisions of the car
Elevator car is a metal box frame device for carrying passengers or cargo.
①Car composition
The car is generally made up of the car frame, the bottom of the car, the car wall, the top of the car, the door and the door opening machine.
The car frame is composed of the upper beam, lower beam, column and brace etc..
The upper and lower beams are fixed with a guide shoe, and the car is guided to move up and down along the guide rail, and the horizontal position of the car in the well is maintained.
②General provisions of the car

In order to ensure the function of the car to meet all kinds of requirements, the geometric size of the car has the corresponding requirements.All kinds of car in addition to the internal net height of the ladder is at least 2000mm.

Usually, the net height of the elevator is 2000mm.Passenger lift due to the top of the need for a net height of 2400mm. Residential elevator to meet the handling of the internal height of the furniture is generally 2400mm.The net height of the car door is at least 2000mm.

The car is generally the ratio of width to depth of passenger car width and depth is small, in order to increase the width of door, convenient passenger access.The bed ladder car is to meet the need of carrying bed, the depth is not less than 2500mm, the width is not less than 1600mm. Cargo compartment can be determined according to the delivery object of different width depth dimensions.

③Car baseboard

In order to prevent the car floor or floor to open the door before the end after the car is out of door sill due to shear damage toes, each car sill shall be fitted with baseboard, its width should be equal to the corresponding layer the whole width net station entrance.

④Car wall, car floor and roof structure requirements

The car wall, the car floor and the top of the car shall have sufficient mechanical strength, and shall be fully closed.

⑤Emergency alarm device

In order to make passengers can effectively to the outside car for help in time of need, should be installed in the car passengers can easily be identified and touch alarm device.

⑥Car lighting

Car should be equipped with permanent electrical lighting, so that the lighting on the control device should be not less than 50LX, car floor lighting should not be less than 50LX.

⑦Car top requirements and device on the top of the car

Car top should have a certain mechanical strength, can support two people.Maintenance operation control device, stop switch and power supply socket should be installed on the top of the car.

Details of the traction machine

The elevator traction machine is the power equipment of the elevator, the elevator is also called the host.Function is the transmission and transfer of power to make the elevator running.It consists of motor, brake, clutch, gear box, traction wheel, rack and guide wheel and accessory handwheel etc..The guide wheel is generally installed on the bearing beam of the frame or the frame.Some handwheel is fixed on the motor shaft, there are usually hanging on the wall near the use, and then set on the motor shaft.

classification：

⑴Classification by means of reduction

①Gear traction machine:Driving force,The intermediate reducer transmission to the traction sheave of the traction machine,General for the 2.5m/s below the low speed lift.

②Gearless traction machine:Driving force,No intermediate reducer but directly transferred to the traction sheave of the traction machine,Generally used for more than 2.5m/s of high speed elevator and super high speed elevator.

③Flexible drive mechanism of traction machine.

⑵Classification by drive motor

①DC traction machine,It can be divided into DC gear traction machine and DC gearless machine.

②AC traction machine,It can be divided into toothed AC traction machine, AC gearless traction machine and permanent magnet machine.

⑶Classification by application 

①double speed elevator traction machine

②VVVF passanger elevator traction machine

③Grocery tractor

④machineroomless elevator traction machine

⑤vehicle elevator traction machine

⑷Classification by speed

①Low speed traction machine

②The speed of traction machine (fast traction machine)

③High speed traction machine

④Ultra high speed traction machine

⑸Classification by structure

①horizontal traction machine

②vertical traction machine

Working principle

The installation consists of traction machine in the engine room of a motor and a gear box, brakes, power traction drive.The traction rope connected with a car cabin

through the traction wheel is connected at one end of the counterweight.In order to make the wells in the elevator car and counterweight respectively along the guide shaft running without rubbing, traction machine is placed on the guide wheel to separate the two.The car and counterweight to gravity traction rope pressing friction on the traction wheel groove.In this way, the rotation of the motor drives the traction wheel to rotate, drive the rope, drag the car and the Remaking of relative motion.That is, the car is rising, the weight is falling; the weight is rising, and the car is falling.So, the car is in the well track along the guide rail, under the reciprocating operation, the elevator to carry out the vertical transport task.

Self rescue measures and matters needing attention in the elevator

Elevator to the people living in the city has brought a lot of convenience, but if the elevator is broken, the trapped people need to master the following self-help methods to ensure safety, access to the rescue.

⑴Stay calm and comfort the people who are stuck together, explain to everyone that there is no danger, the elevator will not fall off the elevator.Elevator tank with anti fall safety device, will firmly grip the elevator on both sides of the rail, the safety device will not fail.

⑵Use the alarm or intercom, mobile phone for help, such as no alarm or intercom, mobile phone failure, can shoot the door yelling, such as fear of hand pain, can take off the shoes on, looking for someone to rescue the request immediately.

⑶If you can't find the elevator mechanic right away, please call the people outside to call the fireman.Firefighters usually take the lift or lay down to the nearest floor and open the car door.Even if the power outage, firefighters can use a hand device, the elevator ground under the ground.

⑷If there is no trained rescue personnel on the scene, do not climb out of the elevator.

⑸Don't try to force open the elevator door, even if you can open, it may not reach the door, open the door of the gate to escape and certainly not. The outer wall of the lift oil may make people slip.

⑹Elevator ceiling if there is an emergency exit, do not climb out.The outlet plate once opened, the safety switch makes the elevator motionless.But if the export board accident shut, the elevator could suddenly start is out of balance, in the dark trough elevator, the elevator cables may be tripped, or by stepping on the grease and slip from the top down, lift.

⑺In the night or on the weekend afternoon trapped in the elevator, there may be hours or even a few days no one approached the elevator. In this case, the safest thing is to keep calm, waiting for help.Had better be able to endure hunger and thirst, hot and bitter, keep life, pay attention to listen to the outside of the movement, such as pedestrians through, trying to attract his attention.

⑻Once the elevator appear to fall, you can:

①First, if there is a hand in the elevator, hand hold the hand.

②Second, the entire back with the head close to the wall of the elevator, a straight line.
③Third. The knee is bent.

⑼Children absolutely can not alone by the ladder, which has become a social consensus.The reason why so much emphasis on, because of their age is still small, naughty, naughty nature, love play dangerous games, even love playing the nature, make practical joke, he alone in waiting, press the button caused chaos car stop error;When he was alone in the car, he would touch it at will;Exit doors will be deliberately slow, in the escalator, he will pull the touch, these are likely to cause security risks.Therefore, adults must take up the responsibility of the child's guardian, do not let the child alone by ladder.Moreover, when carrying the child to take the elevator or escalator, adult children to instill safety knowledge to children, to teach him some of the ladder knowledge, education, he does not play on the elevator door or escalator.

The eight system within elevator

1^st  Traction system

The traction system is composed with traction machine，traction rope，guide pulley and suspension sheave.

(1)The traction machine is composed of motor, coupling, reducer, brake, traction wheel base, etc., it is the power source of elevator.

(2)Both ends of the traction rope are connected with car and counterweight (or combined with  the machine room).

(3)The guide pulley is to separate the car and the counterweight .It is Installed on the traction frame or bearing beam.

2^st   Guiding system

The guiding system is composed of guide rail, guide shoe and rail frame.It controls the moving direction of car and the counterweight , so that the car and the counterweight can only move along the guide rail.

（1）The guide rail is fixed on the guide rail frame, and the guide rail frame is a component of the bearing guide rail.

（2）The guide shoe is mounted on the car and on the counterweight frame.

3^st   Door system

Door system is composed of car door,landing door, door opening machine, linkage mechanism, door lock and so on.

（1）The car door in the car entrance, composed of door leaf, door guide rail frame and door shoe etc.

（2）landing door is arranged at the station entrance, composed of door leaf, door guide rail frame ,door shoe, door lock and emergency unlocking device.

（3）The door opening machine is arranged on the car, and it provides the power to open and close the door.

4^st   Car system

The car is to transport passengers or cargo.It is made up of car frame and car body.The car frame is the load-bearing frame of the car body, which is composed of a beam, a column, a bottom beam and an inclined rod.The car body is composed of car bottom, car wall, car top and lighting, car decorative part and control panel.

5^st   Weight balance system

The weight balance system is composed of counterweight and weight compensation devices.

（1）Counterweight is composed of counterweight frame and counterweight filler.

（2）Weight compensation device is to balance the car and traction rope.

6^st   Electric power system

Electric power system is composed of traction machine and power supply system, speed feedback device and speed adjusting device etc.

（1）Traction machine is the power source of elevator.

（2）Power supply system is a device for providing power for electric machine.

（3）The speed feedback device provides the elevator running speed information.

（4）Speed control device is to control speed of the traction machine.

7^st   Electric control system

The electric control system is composed of control device, position display device, control panel, leveling device and level selection device.It is used to manipulate and control the operation of the elevator.

（1）The control device comprises operating box in the car, calling button, inspection Box  in machine room.

（2）The control display is installed in the machine room, which is composed of all kinds of electrical control components.

（3）Position display is to passenger the flo

or number and other information.

（4）The level selection device can indicate and feedback the car position, deciding the running direction, sending out the acceleration or deceleration signal and so on.

 8^st   Security system

Security system Includes various types of mechanical and electrical protection , can be used to ensure the safety of the elevator.

Comprehensive knowledge of escalator

1^st  Introduction of escalator

The escalator is made up of a special type of chain conveyor and two special belt conveyor.It transport people from different floor.

A series of steps and two traction chain linked together, running in a certain line of arranged track that forms the step-way of escalator.

The escalator works continuously, therefore, in public places like airports, stations, docks, buildings and underground railway station etc., to transport a large number of people in a relatively short period of time, escalator has advantages as below:

（1）Large transport capacity

（2）Stream of people even, can continue to transport personnel

（3）The escalator can be reversed, can running both up and down.

（4）When escalator stop working,it still can be used as ordinary stairs

There are some shortcomings in the comparison between the escalator and the elevator:

（1）Escalator structure has a horizontal section, cost additional energy loss

（2）For Large lifting height escalator, personnel need to stay on it for a long time

（3）High cost

In the design of the escalator, according to its load and the length of using time can be divided into ordinary type and transport type.The running time of the transportation type escalator is about 140 h a week.And In any 3 h ,there should be not less than 0.5 h running in 100% loading.Therefore, the special requirements of the escalator durable.

The development trend of the escalator is:Compact structure, reduce the occupied space, reduce the weight of equipment;Reduce resistance and save energy;Beautiful appearance, and can be used for the decoration of buildings;Smooth operation, reduce noise.

Move walking is also a kind of continuous conveyor machinery.Its different from the escalator is Its sports pavement is not a form of ladder, but a flat road.It also applies to public places where people are concentrated.

The escalator is composed of a cascade, a traction chain, a ladder rail system, a drive device, a tension device, an arm rest device, and a metal structure frame.

Classification of Escalator

（1）According to the position of the driving device

     （a）End driven escalator：The driving device is arranged on the escalator head and takes the chain as the traction component of the escalator.

     （b）Intermediate drive escalator：Driving device is arranged in the middle of the escalator.

An escalator can be loaded with multiple sets of driving devices, also known as multi stage driven combined type escalator.

（2）According to the type of traction component

     （a）Chain type escalator：Taking the chain as the pulling member and the driving device, the automatic escalator is placed on the head of the escalator.

     （b）Rack type escalator：A rack is arranged on an escalator which is arranged between the upper branch of the escalator and the lower branch.

（3）According to the appearance of escalator

     （a）Fully transparent escalator：Escalator with full transparent toughened glass support

     （b）Opaque escalator：An escalator with a support and an opaque sheet supported.

（4）According to the running way type of escalator

     （a）Straight line type escalator：Escalator ladder road as a straight line

     （b）Spiral escalator：Escalator ladder as a spiral escalator.

2^st  Escalator standard knowledge

（1）Maximum tilt angle of the wove walking is 12 degrees. The tilt angle of the escalator should not exceed 30 degrees.When the lifting height is less than 6 meters, the rated speed of not faster than 0.5 m / s, it allows to increase the tilt angle to 35 degrees.

（2）There should be a Indicator at the entrance and exit.In the horizontal movement, the maximum height difference between the two close phases is 4 mm.

（3）When using glass material wall, the glass should be single-layer safety glass.And the thickness of glass should not be less than 6 mm.

（4）The vertical net height of Escalator ladder or move walking pedal should not be less than 2.3 meters.

（5）According to the passenger load calculation,should not exceed the support distance of 1/750.

（6）There shall be a free space with a floor area of at least 0.5 m x 0.6 meters at the place where to make maintenance and inspection of moving parts.

（7）The sectional area of electri

cal safety circuit should not be less than 0.75 mm²

（8）There should be additional emergency stop device for escalator that lifting height greater than 12 meters .And also for move walking which using length more than 40 meters.

（9）The power of the motor should be cut off by two separate contacts.

New Standard for Elevator Inspection

September 11^th,reporter of Chongqing Morning News informed from the Municipal Quality Supervision Bureau that"Home elevator inspection rules", "elevator repair classification and inspection rules" has passed the expert group review, entered the final approval stage.　

These two standards will be more standardized elevator inspection process, to ensure the safety of the public.

"Home elevator inspection rules" will be the first national standard for household elevator inspection."Elevator repair classification and inspection rules" is to further regulate the elevator renovation, major repairs ,maintenance and other operations.It will provide reliable technical basis for the supervision and inspection of special equipment inspection and testing institutions.

Home elevator

"Home elevator inspection rules" is drafted by the Chongqing Special Equipment Institute.So why do you want to develop a standard for the home elevator?Expert from Chongqing Special Equipment Institute explained for us.With the rapid economic development, people living conditions are getting better and better.Some people moved into houses, villas and other high-floor  residential, so does home lift came into being.

At present, the methods of inspection of home elevator is Commission inspection and mainly just for the installation and acceptance.The relevant national standard of domestic elevator only provides the technical requirements for the design, manufacture, installation and other aspects of the domestic elevator, but does not involve the corresponding testing methods.

Cause the lack of corresponding inspection procedures,home elevator acceptance inspection in the inspection items has been determined by the user of commission or the inspection agency consultation,so that the Commission inspection of the project is too arbitrary and produced a lot of problems.

At the same time, because of the home elevator is not in the scope of the elevator compulsory inspection, some of home using elevator have not inspected onece for many years,this bring serious security risks.

"Home elevator inspection rules" will regulate the entrusted inspection household elevator in our city, inappropriate behavior constraints of related parties, improve the city's household elevator inspection quality, prevent and reduce household elevator safety accidents, ensure passenger safety.

There are at least 60 inspection items for one home elevator

"Home elevator inspection rules" clearly stipulates that the home elevator is installed in a private house,and use only for one single family members.It can also be installed in a public building with many families in ,but it can only be reserved for one specific family.

Compared with the passenger elevator used in public places, home elevator is a private property.It is specific with in the rated speed, rated load, car travel, driving mode, open the door, the use of environment, supervision and management.

The new standard provisions of the installation and inspection conditions of the household elevator, the contents and methods of inspection, inspection reports and conclusions.The inspection project is divided into below test items: technical information, computer and related equipment, wells and related equipment, car and counterweight, suspension and rotating parts, car door and landing door, additional item for machineroomless home elevator, additional item for hydraulic lift home elevator.

According to the standard requirements, a home elevator at least need to go through 60 test items.For example,There should not be any gap greater than 6 mm between the car door and the landing door . While using the glass door, requires measures to prevent children’s hand from being dragged .

At the same time, the standard requires overload protection device for home elevator. When the load go over more than 110% of the capacity,it should stop normal running, and the car need to have a warning signal.